Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide Nice Words for...

Increasingly, in the courts and the media and in conversation, we are hearing about euthanasia and the so-called right to die. Its time we all are fully informed about what is going on, and what the appropriate response should be. Euthanasia is not a future problem. It is a present problem. It is happening now and becoming increasingly accepted. And we are asleep, not realizing that the road we are on will lead to the massive elimination of the elderly and incompetent, and anyone else considered to be a burden to society. The reflections in this essay are intended to wake us up to the main issues involved in the euthanasia debate. Consider the Nancy Cruzan case. She had been in a coma for almost eight years, but was NOT†¦show more content†¦It is never care in any sense of the word, to terminate life, even if that life is full of suffering. We have no right to terminate life. There are groups in our country pushing for the right to use lethal injections on the seriously ill, or to remove their food and water. We must oppose such moral nonsense with all our strength. And the time to oppose it is now, before it becomes solidified in law. No matter how ill a patient is, we never have a right to put that person to death. Rather, we have a duty to care for and preserve life. But to what length are we required to go to preserve life? No religion or state holds that we are obliged to use every possible means to prolong life. The means we use have traditionally been classified as either ordinary or extraordinary. Ordinary means must always be used. This is any treatment or procedure which provides some benefit to the patient without excessive burden or hardship. Extraordinary means are optional. These are measures which do present an excessive burden. The distinction here is NOT between artificial and natural. Many artificial treatments will be ordinary means in the moral sense, as long as they provide some benefit without excessive burden. It depends, of course, on the specific case in point, with all its medical details. We cannot figure out ahead of time, in other words, whether or not we ourselves or a relative want so me specific treatment to be used on usShow MoreRelatedWhat Actually Is Physician Assisted Suicide?1390 Words   |  6 PagesWhat actually is Physician-Assisted Suicide? In the discussion of Physician-Assisted Suicide you have to make sure that you use the right terminology and make sure that it is clear. Some of the greatest dangers of facing chronic and terminally ill patients are a grey area regarding PAS. There is a strict process to practice PAS. Despite the stringencies, the Council of Ethical and Judicial Affairs (1992) found that 28% of PAS cases in the Netherlands did not meet the specific criteria. The evidenceRead MoreActive Euthanasia: Physician Assisted Suicide is Wrong Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesActive Euthanasia: Physician Assisted Suicide is Wrong The issue at hand is whether physician-assisted suicide should be legalized for patients who are terminally ill and/or enduring prolonged suffering. In this debate, the choice of terms is central. The most common term, euthanasia, comes from the Greek words meaning good death. Sidney Hook calls it voluntary euthanasia, and Daniel C. Maguire calls it death by choice, but John Leo calls it cozy little homicides. Eileen Doyle pointsRead MoreDying with Dignity960 Words   |  4 Pagesto the person. People who have this illness resort to an alternative called euthanasia. Euthanasia is when someone a physician or a family members assist the terminal ill to die by injecting such person with a drug or plugging out the chord that keeps the person alive. While supporters of this technique claim that euthanasia is humane and helpful, other people argue that euthanasia is morally wrong, and inhumane. Euthanasia should be legalize in the United States because it gives an alternative forRea d More Jack Kevorkian Essay1774 Words   |  8 PagesShe still had a life expectancy of at least ten years with the illness, but she wished to die. She wanted to die before the disease robbed her of her competence (Larson 229). Kevorkian later killed Adkins and faced the consequences boldly (Hendin,  ³Suicide in America ² 247). The background, process, and effects of Dr. Kevorkian ¹s questionable first patient, Janet Adkins, have a very detailed story in them. amp;#9;Janet Adkins led a very productive life up to and even after she had been diagnosed with

The Mill s Greatest Happiness Principle - 1543 Words

According to Aristotle, the most choice worthy goal of human action is to be happy. Virtue is choosing the mean between two extremes of deficiency and excess. Furthermore, virtue is doing the right thing, in the right way, in the right amount, at the right time, to the right people. Aristotle felt that there was no reason to be too specific with this explanation, because if you are virtuous you know what to do. There is really no guidelines to follow with this, because it is based on your character. Happiness and virtue are related, because to be happy, you have to be virtuous. Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principle is the foundation for the Utilitarianism views. Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principle is described as the actions that†¦show more content†¦They traded their freedom for their security. According to Locke, the ‘State of Nature’ is the condition that humans are in before there is any government. Locke believes that everyone was equal, becau se they were all creations of God and that they all live in peace. He believed that no one should harm another s life, liberty or possessions. People must submit themselves over to the sovereign and consent to the laws enforced by them to enter into the ‘Political Society’. The people did this to insure the protection of their properties; their life, liberty, and estate. However, the people can overthrow the sovereign if the laws become unjust. From Hobbes perspective, the ‘Social Contract’ was when people came together to give up some of their rights so others would give up theirs. He believed that men will be willing to give up their rights as long as others did the same. The ‘Social Contract’ was set up to enforce moral rules to help everyone flourish. Property rights would increase crops and farming, punishments for stealing would increase consumerism and investing. Militaries and police would enforce laws; therefore, the actions and attitu des from the state of nature would disappear. Basically the ‘State of Nature’ was the giving up of power to give to another, and in this case it was the sovereign. This would be an absolute sovereign where no one could question them andShow MoreRelatedJohn Stuart Mill s The Greatest Happiness Principle1615 Words   |  7 Pagessomeone’s life is unacceptable, but there are times when it has been vital. Utilitarianism is based upon the â€Å"Greatest Happiness Principle† which states that actions are considered moral when they promote utility, meaning happiness, and immoral when they promote the contrary. The British philosopher John Stuart Mill proposes that morality should be driven by the â€Å"Greatest Happiness Principle.† Nonetheless, he also believes that just because an action promotes utility does not make it so that it isRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill ´s The Greatest Happiness Principle Essay906 Words   |  4 Pagesincludes explaining the à ¢â‚¬Å"Greatest Happiness Principle†, happiness, unhappiness, quality of pleasure, lying, and the relevance of time with his view. I will then explain how I agree with the principle of Rule Utilitarianism. I will also consider the objection of conflicting rules in Rule Utilitarianism as well as that of negative responsibility, giving my response to each. Mill claims that morals find their root in Utility, otherwise called the Greatest Happiness Principle.(513) The essence of thisRead MoreSimilarity Between Religion And Utilitarianism813 Words   |  4 Pagesconsequence of every action is happiness. There is a similarity between religion and utilitarianism. For example, love includes wanting happiness and religious principles such as loving others the way you love yourself and doing to others what you expect them to you are founded on utilitarian principles. The ultimate goal for a utilitarian is happiness, which is also the main objective of religion. Utilitarian ethics replicates the main religious rules. A principle like not lying is wrong in theRead MoreWhat Has Posterity Ever Done For Me By Robert Heilbroner1626 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibilities towards future generations in regards to preserving the planet. In this paper, I will present Heilbroner s arguments for posterity, in relation to how we treat our environment. In addition, I will compare two ethical theories, Kant s Categorical Imperative to Mill s theory of Utilitarianism. I will then argue as to why Utilitarianism is more plausible in respect to Heilbroner s environmental view on posterity. Furthermore, I will point out why Kantian theory does not at all support the ideaRead MoreUtilitarianism : The Utilitarian Moral Theory Essay968 Words   |  4 Pagesgeneral form, what is the utilitarian moral theory? In its general form, the utilitarian moral theory advocates that an action is morally right if it serves the greatest good for the greatest amount of people. 2. What is hedonism, and what is hedonistic utilitarianism? And, what was Epicurus s view about pleasure? Hedonsim is the principle that suggests that pleasure is the motivator of one’s life and hedonistic utilitarianism is when ethics is determined by how much pleasure or pain is producedRead MoreEthical Theories Of Utilitarianism By Jeremy Bentham And John Stuart Mill State1564 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it comes to normative ethics, a custom originating from the late eighteenth and nineteenth century English economists and philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill state that an activity is morally right on the off chance that it has a tendency to increase pleasure and morally wrong in the event that it tends to deliver the opposite of pleasure, pain – not only the pleasure of the person performing the activity but additionally that of everybody influenced by it. A theory of such isRead MoreKant And John Stuart Mill s Utility Based, Utilitarian Moral Theory1551 Words   |  7 Pagesideologies can arise to similar conclusions based on vastly different rationales. Immanuel Kant s duty-based, deontological moral theory and John Stuart Mill s utility-based, utilitarian moral theory are prime examples of antithetical viewpoints that share similar outlooks to ethical subjects such as lying and helping those in need through vastly different lines of reasoning. The fundamental basis of Kant s moral theory is that the only universal good is the good will and, more specifically, it isRead MoreAn Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation by Jeremey Bentham.1026 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Utilitarianism? I believe that utilitarianism is the theory in which actions are right if they produce happiness and wrong if they don’t produce happiness. Happiness is what every human being look forward to. When making a decision, all possible outcomes must be ensured that it will lead to happiness. Utilitarianism is based on the principle of utility .Utility is the ability to be useful while satisfying needs. Utilitarianism is generally considered a moral theory that was found by JeremeyRead MoreUtilitarianism : The Greatest Happiness Principle1176 Words   |  5 PagesUtilitarianism John S. Mill describes utilitarianism, also known as â€Å"The greatest happiness principle†, as a philosophical theory of morality. This theory is focused on the end result (a consequential theory) rather than the motive behind it. It argues that the morality of the action is solely dependent on the action’s results. The action is morally ethical as long as it produces the greatest happiness for the majority of people involved. Mill mentions, â€Å"†¦ the greatest happiness principle holds thatRead MoreUtilitarianism, And Principle Of Utility1319 Words   |  6 Pageselevated than the animal appetites and, when once made conscious of them, do not regard anything as happiness which does not include their gratification.† (Mill, 332) There have been many philosophers who have taking up the topic of utilitarianism, but one that defines the quality of pleasures along with defining that there are actions behind picking those pleasures would be John Stuart Mill. Mill in his years of talking and discussing utilitarianism disagreed and agreed with philosophers and had

Hard Determinism Vs. Negatives - 943 Words

Throughout the years, many different philosophical ideas have been presented to the general populace. One of these ideas, hard determinism, has presented alleged positives and alleged negatives. One alleged negative that stands out to me is that no single person is responsible for their actions, no matter how heinous that action may be. I argue, that throwing morality completely out of the equation, is a genuine negative of hard determinism. In order to explain my thoughts, we must first understand the full meaning of hard determinism. In Holbach’s essay on hard determinism, he says, â€Å"Nevertheless, in spite of the shackles by which he is bound, it is pretended he is a free agent, or that independent of the causes by which he is moved, he determines his own will, and regulates his own condition.†1 He explains that free will is an illusion and that all of our actions are pre-determined by prior factors. Prior factors would include: experiences from the past, h ow one was raised, genetic makeup and so on. No matter what you decide to do, you will never actually have a say in it because everything in your life has led up to that point. For example; if one man is walking down the street and bumps into another man, how the second man reacts will have been predetermined therefore not making him liable for those actions. Say he decides to accept the man’s apology and goes on with his day. This is due to the way he was raised and his genetic makeup, not because of his ownShow MoreRelatedSociology1220 Words   |  5 Pageshistorical says conservatives are ahistorical Static – concepts and ideas remain the same (opposite of dynamic) Family is not static because it is always changing Stop moralizing and start mobilizing mythmaking is not a solution Idealized past vs terrible present – saying that the past wasn’t everything that it was cracked up to be with statistics and that the present isn’t worse than the past although it may not be better Coltrane and gender – gender is tied together with the family GenderRead MorePsychology and Impact Personality Development1997 Words   |  8 Pagespersonality. * Besides this, economic factors i.e., economic condition of the family and the type of relations between the parents also influence the personality of the child. * (4) Cultural Environment * Individualism in westerners vs collectivism in Africa caused by environment * Striking difference in the universal trait of shyness caused by how each culture dealt with the child’s success and failures. * Who gets credit for good grades, gets blamed for not gettingRead MorePsychology and Impact Personality Development2008 Words   |  9 Pagesof personality. * Besides this, economic factors i.e., economic condition of the family and the type of relations between the parents also influence the personality of the child. * (4) Cultural Environment * Individualism in westerners vs collectivism in Africa caused by environment * Striking difference in the universal trait of shyness caused by how each culture dealt with the child’s success and failures. * Who gets credit for good grades, gets blamed for not gettingRead MoreEssay about Race, Class, and Gender: The Critical Race Theory2526 Words   |  11 Pagesthat race is central, not peripheral, to American thought and life. Second is the notion that racism is common and ordinary rather than rare and episodic, so that a great deal of Americans’ social life is affected by it. A third strand is material determinism, or interest convergence—the idea that racial relations maintain a white-over-black/brown hierarchy that provides benefits and profits to elite groups in the majority race and are for that reason difficult to reform. A fourth feature is the socialRead MoreJapanese Culture And Japanese People2323 Words   |  10 PagesRather than being passive receptors for cultural and linguistic knowledge, children and language learners actively participate and co-construct social worlds while achieving communicative competence. This is in contrast to views such as l inguistic determinism where grammatical forms are assumed to map directly onto social structures and interactions. Instead, each individual brings with them their own phenomenology and therefore engage in different ways. So even in a given formal school setting, eachRead MoreThe Cause of Globalization18688 Words   |  75 Pagesgoods and more notably information around the world, growing international economic activity, and the liberalization of foreign economic policies. What are the causal relationships among these three trends? The second perspective, technological determinism, contends that the shrinkage of time and space has been so dramatic and so pervasive that there is essentially nothing that can be done to stop it. According to this view, technological changes have propelled international economic activity, andRead MoreThe Effect of Genetic, Environmental and Cultural Factors on Learning2722 Words   |  11 Pagesbiologists, psychologists and socialists have theorized, experimented and offered explanations and approaches of their own interpretation of learning and development, based on many years of research. In addition, the argument of Nature vs. Nurture is of paramount importance to their research, findings and beliefs. Before starting to analyse what factors affect learning and development, I need to establish and define what learning and development actually mean. QuestionsRead MoreSelf Control5185 Words   |  21 Pagesevidence that self-control is a limited mental resource, a number of studies support the notion that self-control is nevertheless a resource that can be increased through suitable exercise. ------------------------------------------------- In children vs. adults Self control should increase with age due to the development of the sensory system. As the sensory system develops, peoples perceptual abilities expand. For instance, children do not have a concept of time, and in this sense, they live in theRead MoreCRM 1301 Midterm uOttawa Carolyn Gordon Essay10218 Words   |  41 Pagesentertainment Abuse of power Barbaric Based on pain Could be arrest w/o warrant, tortured for no reason, Jail without trial No sense of Due Process No codified law Critique of Criminal Justice during the 18th century Capital punishment Negative effect (on the general public) Reluctant to convict Deterrent effect (No general deterrent effect) Transportation What to do with all the prisoners Send offenders to Colonies Jails People who went to Jail had to pay for everything regardlessRead MoreJohn Gotti Received More Publicity Any Crime Figure, Discuss the Theories Developed by Merton and Sutherland and Compare and Contrast Regarding Which Would Describe Gottis Criminal Development4321 Words   |  18 Pagesdeviance in terms of the individual s social relationships. Sutherland s theory departs from the pathological perspective and biological perspective by attributing the cause of crime to the social context of individuals. He rejected biological determinism and the extreme individualism of psychiatry, as well as economic explanations of crime. His search for an alternative understanding of crime led to the development of differential association theory. In contrast to both classical and biological

Epic of Beowulf Essay - The Conflicts in Beowulf - 2005 Words

The Conflicts in Beowulf Brian Wilkie and James Hurt in Literature of the Western World discuss what is perhaps the overriding or central conflict in the poem Beowulf, namely the struggle between good and evil, and how the monsters are representative of the evil side: Ker was answered in 1936 by the critic and novelist J.R.R. Tolkien, author of Lord of the Rings, who argued that â€Å"the monsters are not an inexplicable blunder of taste; they are essential, fundamentally allied to the underlying ideas of the poem, which give it its lofty tone and high seriousness.† For Tolkien, the monsters were symbolic of eternal forces of evil while remaining real monsters (1273). The numerous conflicts within Beowulf are both external†¦show more content†¦. . .The treatment in the three great fights of the motives of weapons, treasure and society implies a moral idea in which the poet believed: that a man should not trust in the things of this world, for they will fail him. Another aspect of this idea comes out clearly in the account of the first fight: that a man should trust rather in God and in the natural powers God gives him, for these will not fail him(234-37). King Hrothgar’s construction of Heorot and the subsequent enhancement of the joy of the Danes precipitated the first serious conflicts in Beowulf: So lived the clansmen in cheer and revel a winsome life, till one began to fashion evils, that field of hell. Grendel this monster grim was called, march-riever mighty, in moorland living, in fen and fastness; fief of the giants the hapless wight a while had kept since the Creator his exile doomed. This â€Å"kin of Cain† Grendel could not endure the joy of the Danes and their celebration of God’s creation of the world. Consequently he attacked Heorot and killed 30 warriors the first night. Thus the reader sees a very serious external conflict between this monster and the Danish people. This situation brought about a serious internal conflict within their king, Hrothgar, who was totally frustrated by his inability to get rid of Grendel: THUS seethed unceasing the son of Healfdene with the woe of these days; not wisest menShow MoreRelated Conflicts in the Epic of Beowulf Essay1760 Words   |  8 PagesBeowulf – the Conflicts  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   J.D.A. Ogilvy and Donald C. Baker in â€Å"Beowulf’s Heroic Death† comment on the hero’s culpability in his final conflict:    . . .the author describes Beowulf and the dragon lying dead side by side and observes rather sententiously that it was a bad business fighting with a dragon or disturbing his hoard. Beowulf, he adds, had paid for the treasure with his life. Some commentators seem to consider this passage, combined with Wiglaf’s remarks about Beowulf’sRead MoreEssay on Beowulf study guide1576 Words   |  7 PagesHrothgar and his response to learning that Beowulf has come to his kingdom. A. The king is sad and depressed that his kingdom has fallen into such a state of disrepair. He is overjoyed to learn that Beowulf, whom he knows from stories and his father, Ecgtheow, has come to fight Grendel. Hrothgar promises Beowulf treasure if he can defeat the monster. 2) In the beginning of â€Å"Beowulf,† King Hrothgar’s hall has been deserted for twelve years. In a short essay, tell why the hall has been deserted. BeRead MoreBeowulf : The Perfect Hero1279 Words   |  6 PagesHuy Nguyen Ms. Zeltner Modern Lit 10/11/2017 Beowulf argumentative essay Beowulf is more than just a story, it’s a cornerstone of modern literature as its dynamic structure and theme display great originality and uniqueness. Given its history, the story plot is certainly original as it was constructed over 1300 years ago. Beowulf is an epic poem in which the plot is intended to portray the unique heroism of German warriors. Beowulf exemplifies the traits of the perfect hero. The poem exploresRead More Is Beowulf an Heroic Elegy or an Epic Narrative? Essay4711 Words   |  19 PagesIs Beowulf   an Heroic Elegy or an Epic Narrative?      Ã‚  Ã‚   There is considerable debate as to whether the poem Beowulf is an epic narrative poem or an heroic elegy. Which is it. This essay intends to present both sides of the story.    Some great literary scholars think that the poem is an heroic elegy, celebrating the fantastic achievements of its great hero, and also expressing sorrow or lamentation for the hero’s unfortunate death. In â€Å"Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics† Tolkien states:Read MoreExplaining the Three Stages in The Heros Journey Essay1757 Words   |  8 Pagesthis concept, there are a few stories covered in this class that can be used. Beowulf is an epic poem telling the story of Beowulf, a legendary Geatish hero who later becomes king in the aforementioned epic poem. While the story in and of itself is quite interesting, for the purpose of this paper it is important to look at the character more so then his deeds, or rather why he did what he did. In the story, Beowulf travels to Heorot to help King Hrothgar with a problem involving a monster namedRead MoreThe Cruelty Of The Epic And What Cruelty Reveals About The Perpetrator / Victim1788 Words   |  8 PagesBeowulf Essay Topic: how cruelty functions in the epic/what cruelty reveals about the perpetrator/victim Thesis: Anglo-Saxons prize cruelty. They fight, they celebrate the victory. That’s the basic cycle. Beowulf is cruel and that makes him a hero- Grendel is cruel but it’s a result of his alienation with society and jealousy of society Beowulf’s cruelty is never seen as such (except by Grendel’s mother), and that leads him to become an undefeated hero in the eyes of the people The dragon is cruel-Read MoreThe Epic of Beowulf is an Heroic Elegy Essay3261 Words   |  14 PagesBeowulf is an Heroic Elegy   Ã‚  Ã‚   There is considerable debate as to whether the poem Beowulf is an epic narrative poem or an heroic elegy, a poem celebrating the fantastic achievements of its great hero, and also expressing sorrow or lamentation for the hero’s unfortunate death. This essay intends to show that the poem is an heroic elegy.    In â€Å"Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics† Tolkien states:      We must dismiss, of course, from mind the notion that Beowulf is a â€Å"narrativeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Beowulf Essay4217 Words   |  17 PagesTuttle 1 Beowulf- Unfit to be King of the Geats For 1000 years we have been reading of the adventures of Beowulf, and his story was told for hundreds of years before. The tale is full of trials, tribulations, adventure, great loss, great victory, and wonderful battles. But, what do we make of it? Is it a tale told to illustrate the virtues of the epic hero himself, or is it a cautionary tale, told to warn the readers of the dangers of allowing unqualified men (or women) to ascend to a position ofRead MoreThe Pessimism of Beowulf in the Epic Poem, Beowulf Essay2837 Words   |  12 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚   Anticipation of catastrophe, doom, gloom are present in Beowulf rom beginning to end, even in the better half of the poem, Part I. Perhaps this is part of what makes it an elegy – the repeated injection of sorrow and lamentation into every episode. In his essay, â€Å"The Pessimism of Many Germanic Stories,† A. Kent Hieatt says of the poem Beowulf: The ethical life of the poem, then, depends upon the propositions that evil. . . that is part of this life is too much for the preeminent manRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesattitudes emergence of ethnic writers and women writers Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · narratives: both fiction and nonfiction anti-heroes concern with connections between people emotion-provoking humorous irony storytelling emphasized autobiographical essays Effect: ï‚ · too soon to tell Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · people beginning a new century and a new millennium media culture interprets values Analyzing Poetry: Poetry Tips Analyzing Poetry What is poetry? How is it analyzed? What are

Polytechnic Work Based Learning Process †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Polytechnic Work Based Learning Process. Answer: Introduction: Work based learning can be understood as a transformation of education within institutions to carriers. This includes institutional along with industrial learning along with generating an integrated experience for the undergraduates. Generally, work based learning is a learning process which employs workplace as a medium in order to transfer learning. Students belonging to polytechnic field are deemed to lean at the institutional and industrial education in order to accomplish their courses through employing work based learning method (Fauzi, Bundu Tahmir, 2016). The current paper will also focus on the work based learning models used within advanced diploma courses within the polytechnic courses. Work based learning is among the learning approaches which is implemented internationally and converges in the direction of constructivism theory that serves as dynamic and active form of learning which slowly develops all through an individuals lifetime. Work based learning is suitable to be employed within tertiary education and can be implemented in vocational and technical education. However, this is not suitable for programs that belong to academic disciplines like economics and business sciences. Work based learning method encompasses learning combination within an educational institution along with the work place and the paper intends to discuss several models that can be used in making this method successful (Fauzi Tahmir, 2016). Work based learning in polytechnic industry not just benefited the industry and the university but has also put a positive effect on the learning and teaching culture. Work based learning can facilitate in improving innovation and productivity of a company along with increasing opportunities for career development. It can also facilitate students and learners regarding maturity of adulthood by ensuring development of social experiences within the company. Work based learning implementation in polytechnic sector can focus on improving motivation and critical thinking of students along with addressing the gap among the practice and theory that can improve opportunities for future development of curriculum. Work based learning also has the capability of enhancing an organizations innovation and productivity with employability of graduates within the workplace (Gendreau, 2015). For this reason, work based learning includes the strengths from industrial sector along with training institut ion. The industry therefore is capable to provide the experience along with recent technological amenities. In addition higher education institutions are deemed to have strengths within learning and teaching service and in the form of recognition from professional bodies. Hence, with implementation of work based learning in polytechnic sector it is easier to develop graduates those have skills and address the needs of the workforce and industry (Hadi, Agustriyana Subagiyo, 2017). Problem statement Numerous concerns are dealt with that keeps on taking place in work based learning implementation. Such concerns are associated with the provision of facilities and human resources, program implementation concern, concern associated with implementation of learning goals, learning outcome of students along with concerns associated with requirements of students (Jiang, Zhong Liang, 2014). The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education has also put forward certain concerns and challenges regarding implementation of effective work based learning. This encompass management between higher education companies and sector, triangular association among the higher education companies, students and industry program along with curriculum and program development supported by needs of students and industry. Issues are also observed regarding teaching and learning delivery within the workplace along with analysis of learning outcomes of students along with program efficiency. Work based learning implemented within a community polytechnic college revealed that the mentors or the instructors within the industry are incapable to motivate students for they did not have enough understanding regarding the aspects learned by students and is not aware of the support methods which might be used in order to support students. Another research carried out by Johnson and Amiraly, (2015) revealed that polytechnic learning based industrial mentors and instructors did not use effective learning and did not have enough awareness about students along with unsystematic student analysis. They also failed to explain cooperation and commitment for successful work based learning. The effectiveness of wok based learning implementation in polytechnic was investigated that revealed industrial mentors and instructors are not aware of WBL and the related roles within the program. For this reason, industrial instructors and mentors must understand and identify their roles for guiding and using work based learning. Additionally, industrial instructors should have enough knowledge concerning their organizations with which they are associated and are capable share such knowledge with students (Laxman, 2013). Purpose of study The purpose of this paper is to recognize the strengths and weaknesses of work based learning implemented within the Polytechnic sector relied on perspectives and experiences faced by the instructors (Leary et al., 2013). The current research will also recognize likely improvements that can be implemented in order to make sure regarding efficient work based learning. Considering the purpose of the study and in order to maintain efficient teaching practices, it is suggested that the teachers or instructors must plan all their teaching conducts along with developing teaching techniques and strategies, implement process of teaching along with analyzing the efficiency of learning and teaching. Moreover, will also suggest that an efficient instructor should be capable to develop several teaching styles and manage students discipline in order to supervise the learning surrounding (Lorca Elices, 2017). Focus must also be on encouraging the co-curricular activities outside the formal learni ng and teaching. Considering the research purpose, a teacher must act as a guide, a planner and a facilitator and the major function of the student must be involved within the learning activities. For such reasons, the purpose of the study is to explain that polytechnic students readiness and experience serves as a vital factor that can impact the advancement of individuals knowledge. For this reason, the study will explain that in order to improve industrial trainers or instructors competency, the work based learning coordinators in polytechnic field must provide proper trainings along with courses from them (Majid, 2017). This research also has a purpose of explain that while implementation of work based learning, learning and teaching serves as a major aspect that must be taken into consideration along with the development and placement of qualified students within the industry. In addition, the polytechnic training institutions and employers must consider employing a selection process of students those fall fit within the criteria in industrial placement (Maki, 2015). The research objectives those are to be addressed through completion of the current research are explained under: RO1: To recognize the association among Career DevelopmentLearningand graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia. RO2: To recognize the association among Workplace Simulations and graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia. RO3: To explain the association among Service Learning and graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia. RO4: To explain the association among Internshipand graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia. Research questions The study research questions those are to be answered after completion of this research are explained under: RQ1: What is the association among Career DevelopmentLearningand graduates'employability in Polytechnic Malaysia? RQ2: What is the association among Company/workplace Simulations and graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia? RQ3: What is the association among Service Learning and graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia? RQ4: What is the association among Internshipand graduates'employability within Polytechnic Malaysia? A conceptual framework has been developed in understanding the relationship among the dependent variable that is graduates employability in polytechnic Malaysia and the independent variables including career development learning, workplace simulations, internship and service learning (Mokhtar Husain, 2015). Career Development Learning: Career development learning is focused on facilitating students to acquire concepts, knowledge, attitudes and skills that ca equip them in managing their careers in a better manner which includes their lifelong progression in work and learning. Such learning is focused on facilitating the higher education staff in clearly recognizing the relationship of career development learning along with the strategies developed for improving the employability of students (Oliveira, 2017). This learning is focused on staff those are responsible in curriculum design and for staff in teaching departments and careers services that are accountable for curriculum components delivery associated with career development learning. Workplace Simulations: Simulations are identical to real situations, systems and processes that can take place within an organization. The power concerning a simulation is that this offers a risk free surrounding within which a learner can investigate and make decisions along with making mistakes in absence of any actual consequences (Shek et al., 2015). Learners can be placed on the organizational environment that they recognize and needs to observe along with making decisions in consideration to certain circumstances explained in certain scenarios. Service Learning: Service learning can be understood as an educational approach which combines learning objectives with community service for offering a pragmatic and progressive experience of learning along with addressing the societal requirements. This learning serves as a teaching or learning strategy which integrates constructive community service with proper instruction along with reflection that can improve learning experience, teach civic responsibilities along with improving communities (Thamrin, 2017). Service learning serves as a process of making community students involved in certain societal activities along with facilitated means for applying experience to their personal and academic development. Internship: An internship can be understood as job training for the white collar and professional careers. Internships concerning professional careers are identical in ways nut not as regular as apprenticeships for professions. Internships are deemed to provide students with increasing opportunity to work within their desired job position (Wurdinger Qureshi, 2015). The students start learning the way their course of study applies within the real world along with developing a valuable experience which makes them better suitable candidates for a particular job after completing graduation. Graduates Employability in Polytechnic Malaysia: The employability rates for Malaysian graduates are observed to get increased by 1.1 percentage point to 77.2 percentages in the current year. This indicates an improvement in the employability rate of the graduates from Malaysian higher learning institutions over the previous five years and recorded a boost of 2.8 percentage points (Yilmaz et al., 2014). Moreover, technical and vocational education training graduates experienced a gradual increase in employability in the recent year with technical universities in Malaysia indicating a high graduate employability rate of 87.1 percentages in consideration to polytechnic and community college. Model of Poly-technique work-based learning The figure below illustrates the work based learning course structure that includes both guided lesson within Proton Training Center that is guided by teachers belonging to the industry along with aspects taught within the classroom for around 25% to 75% of the on-job training in organizations. Considering the model it can be said that the work based learning program must include aspects of coordinated lass and organizational learning along with coordination of academic along with occupational-technical curriculum with the assessment system (Zuman, 2013). In the recent scenario, three polytechnic are observed to use work based learning in their Malaysia based advanced diploma courses that includes Polytechnic Ungku Omar, Polytechnic Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah and Polytechnic Sultan Azlan Shah. This work based learning approach is deemed to be identical to a collaborative concept. Such program is developed for the students in the community colleges that are generally relied on guided lessons which include theory lessons within which they have to take up regular lessons for five days every month. This focuses on recapitulating certain intermediate understanding regarding automotive along with lessons on advanced portion technology level (Jiang, Zhong Liang, 2014). This model also illustrates the relationships among the industrial institutions and such industry explains the relationship among the industry along with vocational and technical education institution system. Institutions serve as the major source for new workers in distinct employment fields along with employer that has right in accessing product education and activity by certain product issued by the graduates (Fauzi, Bundu Tahmir, 2016). The model also indicates that there is an association among the institution system along with the industry which produces numerous workers and graduates those have certain skills and knowledge required by the present industry. The industry can consider attaining advantages if certain education implemented by the organization is aligned properly with technological advancements. It is also revealed that the association between industry and institutional system serves as a major factor in vocational or technical education. Considering the quality of technical graduates developed by the institute, it is deemed to address the demands and criteria of the industry (Mokhtar Husain, 2015). For this reason, a two-way association among the industry and the institution is vital as it has mutual advantages for the two parties, specifically in developing a K-worker that is knowledgeable and addresses the industrial needs. Significance of study From analyzing the economic development of Malaysia it has been observed that work based learning serves as a major factor of Malaysian technological advancement for offering skilled and semi-skilled employees for several sectors affecting the economic development along with removing poverty in the nation. In addition, labor market turns out to be highly predictable, rapidly changing and increasingly competitive (Fauzi, Bundu Tahmir, 2016). In addition, some fresh graduates are dealing with obscurity in finding suitable job. For this reason, it is significant to focus on certain impacts of graduates' unemployment on growth of economy andin the direction of graduates themselves. It can be understood that both unemployment and underemployment has resulted in negative impact that is increasing burglary and armed robbery along with psychological and financial stress. For this reason, it is deemed to be significant for students to attain necessary education in career developmentlearningf or attaining a better chance in securing occupations after attaining which they will be satisfied and successful (Mokhtar Husain, 2015). Considering the Malaysian economy the paper has considered it significant to attain learning regarding the skills of students those are able to conduct tasks along with accepting responsibility for the job in which they are hired (Fauzi Tahmir, 2016). Moreover, the research will also consider the significance of realizing the quality of polytechnics program in consideration to the development process along with investigating effect of programs in economic development area. Moreover, the researcher also considers it to be significant to reveal the effect of eradication in decreasing poverty along with employment opportunities within Malaysia. Considering the negative impact that is resulting out of unemployment and underemployment, the current research considers it significant to learn the performance factors of work based learning programs of identical capability in different nations (Mokhtar Husain, 2015). The paper will also suggest improvement areas in consideration to the findi ngs for future program developments. Limitations of study Despite certain implications of the research, it has some limitations that need to be addressed in the future research. One of the limitations consider that the research wilt reveal that the instructors are likely to cooperate in making sure of the work based learning success and in such scenario financial rewards will not be considered as vital aspect in work based learning implementation (Fauzi Tahmir, 2016). Another limitation is that the research should have considered characteristics of work based learning trainers and instructors in the academic qualification with knowledge of work based subjects, increased experience in polytechnic industry, increased interest in learning and teaching along with analyzing the awareness of work based learning implementation responsibility. Another limitation is due to the time constraints the research has only considered respondents from the Northern region of polytechnic Malaysia (Mokhtar Husain, 2015). To gather more reliable data, the rese arch should have considered gathering responses from participants all across Malaysia that could have been highly useful in realizing the strengths and weaknesses of work based learning implemented within the Polytechnic sector relied on perspectives and experiences faced by the instructors. Definitions of certain common terms that are used in the research are mentioned under: Work Based Learning: Work based learning can be defined as an educational process which offers students with real life work experiences in which they can apply technical along with academic capabilities along with developing employability skills (Mokhtar Husain, 2015). Work based learning concept is observed to remain within practice for decades and is served as an integral part of technical and career education process. Work based learning experiences take place within a work setting basically from the employers worksite (Leary et al., 2013). Certain work based learning activities are coordinated with school based conducts that attempts to show students the reason for their learning. Work Related Learning: Work related learning can be defined as learning activities that can be coordinated with academic programmers that can be vocational or non-vocational (Jiang, Zhong Liang, 2014). This learning process includes work placements and experiences in the company, industry mentoring system, job shadowing within the workplace, role plays, and simulations ad case studies along with professional skills modules. There are five principles of work related learning that are developed to offer a benchmark for effective practice and guide staff in preparing new programmers and modules (Leary et al., 2013). Service Learning: This can be defined as learning and teaching strategy which integrates a constructive community service with reflection and instruction for enriching the learning experience, teaching civic responsibility along with straitening communities. Service learning offers opportunities to students in advancing their civic engagement capabilities. Through working with the community members students can be capable to enhance the group, interpersonal and organizational capabilities. They can also attain vital experience working along with different members within the community (Jiang, Zhong Liang, 2014). Service learning can be defined as a philosophy along with a model for community advancement which is employed as an instructional strategy to address content standards along with learning goals. References Fauzi, A., Bundu, P., Tahmir, S. (2016). The Development of Maritime English Learning Model Using Authentic Assessment Based Bridge Simulator in Merchant Marine Polytechnic, Makassar.International Journal of Environmental and Science Education,11(10), 3231-3240. Fauzi, Tahmir, S. (2016). The Development of Maritime English Learning Model Using Authentic Assessment Based Bridge Simulator in Merchant Marine Polytechnic, Makassar.International Journal of Environmental and Science Education,11(10), 3231-3240. Gendreau, O. (2015). Second-Year Integrative Project for Computer and Software Engineering Students at Polytechnique Montral.Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association. Hadi, S., Agustriyana, L., Subagiyo, S. (2017). Project Based Learning on Casting of Aluminium Tensile Test Specimen for Mechanical Engineering Students, State Polytechnic of Malang on Odd Semester of Academic Year 2016/2017.Journal of Education Research and Evaluation,1(1), 6-14. Jiang, W. X., Zhong, Y. Z., Liang, H. (2014). An Evaluation Model of Polytechnic Teaching Quality Based on ID3 Decision Making Tree. InApplied Mechanics and Materials(Vol. 651, pp. 2437-2440). Trans Tech Publications. Johnson, K., Amiraly, A. (2015, September). Challenges and Opportunities of Infusing Entrepreneurial Methods in Fundamental Science Education: Action Learning at cole Polytechnique. InEuropean Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship(p. 320). Academic Conferences International Limited. Laxman, K. (2013). Infusing inquiry-based learning skills in curriculum implementation.International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies,2(1), 41-55. Leary, H., Walker, A., Shelton, B. E., Fitt, M. H. (2013). Exploring the relationships between tutor background, tutor training, and student learning: A problem-based learning meta-analysis.Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning,7(1), 6. Lorca, J. L., Elices, M. (2017, May). Department of Materials Science. Polytechnic University of Madrid ETS de Ingenieros de Caminos. 28040-Madrid, SPAIN. InInterfacial Phenomena in Composite Materials' 91: Proceedings of the second international conference held 1719 September 1991 in Leuven, Belgium(p. 195). Elsevier. Majid, A. N. (2017). The use of information technology in teaching English: An attempt to develop student-centered learning at Telkom Polytechnic.Konferensi Nasional ICT-M Politeknik Telkom. Maki, F. (2015). On Collective Form.Docomomo Journal, (53). Mokhtar, S. B., Husain, M. Y. (2015). Service Quality of Polytechnic Using Servqual Model for Sustainable Tvet System. Monterrat, B., Desmarais, M., Lavou, E., George, S. (2015, June). A player model for adaptive gamification in learning environments. InInternational Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education(pp. 297-306). Springer International Publishing. Oliveira, L. G. (2017).Social media content strategies in higher public polytechnic education institutions: an editorial model and analytics for sector monitoring(Doctoral dissertation, Universidade de Vigo). Shek, D. T. L., Yu, L., Wu, F. K. Y., Chai, W. Y. (2015). General University Requirements at Hong Kong Polytechnic University: evaluation findings based on student focus groups.Assessment Evaluation in Higher Education,40(8), 1017-1031. Thamrin, M. (2017). DEVELOPING VOCATIONAL-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS TO WRITE SCIENTIFIC PAPERS TO IMPROVE THE POLYTECHNIC STUDENTSACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE COURSE.ISLLAC: Journal of Intensive Studies on Language, Literature, Art, and Culture,1(1), 184-200. Thamrin, M. (2017). DEVELOPING VOCATIONAL-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS TO WRITE SCIENTIFIC PAPERS TO IMPROVE THE POLYTECHNIC STUDENTSACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE COURSE.ISLLAC: Journal of Intensive Studies on Language, Literature, Art, and Culture,1(1), 184-200. Wurdinger, S., Qureshi, M. (2015). Enhancing college students life skills through project based learning.Innovative Higher Education,40(3), 279-286. Yilmaz, M. F., Eleyan, A., Aranchuk, L. E., Larour, J. (2014). Spectroscopic analysis of X-pinch plasma produced on the compact LC-generator of Ecole Polytechnique using artificial neural networks.High Energy Density Physics,12, 1-4. Zuman, P. (2013).The Elucidation of Organic Electrode Processes: A Polytechnic Press of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Book. Academic Press.

Leadership Taking Example of Larry Page

Question: Discuss about the Leadership for taking Example of Larry Page. Answer: Introduction: Leadership is defined as the ability or skill of an individual to lead a group of people which is effective in achieving the desired vision for the organisation. By virtue of leadership, leaders are able to motivate and encourage their team members towards the aspired fostering of objectives and goals (Steiber and Alnge, 2013). It is a well-known fact that leadership trait never comes by birth but are born is developed by virtue of experience and competency level. Thus, leadership skill cannot be taught like management skill; it can only be improved under proper training and guidance. In order to be a good leader, an individual should possess certain quality such as visionary, motivator, problem solver, confident, focused, creative, risk taker, honest and understanding. Additionally, good communication skill is also necessary for a good leader that render clear understanding and negotiation with the peers or the employees (Jain, 2015). For developing a good communication skill, a lea der needs to be a good and active listener first. Moreover, the leader must be multi-cultured who fits in themselves in a multi-cultural society. Scope of the Report The current discussion about leadership is correlated with a famous personality named, Larry Page (CEO of Alphabet Incorporation, the parent company of Google). He along with Sergey Brin co-founded Google in the year 1998 (Daniel, 2014). Google is one of preferable search engines globally that offer apps for broad range application and is also acclaimed as one of the most demanding company for the job. It must be very challenging on Larrys part to handle the post of CEO for a company like Google, consisting of more than 46000 staffs and processing an enormous set of projects (Jackson, 2014). Like every other leader, Larry too had a vision, which is offering a prospect related to easy internet access facility that provides downloading and saving of files as a service; and from this vision, Google was invented. Larry Page - A Charismatic Leader Larry Page is a dynamic leader, who believes in creativity and innovation. He aims at the vision of improving Google and making it a leading company across the globe. Larry is considered to be a charismatic leader who always supports, encourages and inspires the associated employees to do whatever they think right according to their wisdom. He likes to hear and employ others opinion as well as their creative ideas (Jackson, 2014). According to his actions, it is evident that new crazy and daring ideas from the employees are always welcomed for changing the company in a better way (George, 2014). For the active involvement in the present competitive world, Larry believes in quick and rapid decision making and taking account of individual employees opinion. Being a focused and determined leader he always tries to hire new young and talented employees for Google (Daniel, 2014). A good leader is one whose priority is the team and the team members than their own desire and requirements. I n the same way, Larrys prior concern is also Google and its employee satisfaction. He empowers others by employing them but at the same time, he also focuses on the quality and impact of the employees performance of the company (Steiber and Alnge, 2013). Furthermore, he also includes his employees into the decision-making prospect; thereby there is the minimal scope of conflict as well as this approach also motivates employees to bring innovativeness. Apart from being a dynamic leader, Larry is even a great mentor to his team, who guides his team members towards success. It is seen that most of the successful leaders are successful mentors first, whom the team members obey and follow for instruction (George, 2014). As an active mentor, he gives full pledge freedom to his employees so that they can produce new ideas and innovations. He trains his employees in order that they can be efficient and productive for the company. As a mentor, he provides his employees 20% of the spare time for innovations and creativity, which he can use for the improvement of his company (Jain, 2015). Philosophy and Beliefs of Larry Page According to Larrys opinion, there should not be any competition with others; rather one should compete with himself. It can be clearly seen from the present scenario that Google never believes in competition, despite the presence of several competitors in the market (George, 2014). Google always tries to improve itself by virtue of innovation and discoveries; hence under Larrys expert leadership Google is on the path of continuous improvement (Jackson, 2014). As a leader, he tries that the members of the company should share a vision and be free to stake and discuss their opinions. According to Larry, good behaviour is more important than creating money; as people remembers character than money. Larrys Contribution Towards Google It is well said quote with power there comes great responsibility. In similar consideration, the post of CEO in Google Inc. has considerable responsibility for Larry. In the year 2011, when Larry joined Google, Google was already enjoying the taste of success; but he chose not to depend on it and created his own path towards success. This professional attitude is much important as because, according to Larry, retaining the top position is much more critical compared to that of achieving a top position (Jackson, 2014). Communication and Being an Excellent Motivator is the Key in Leading People Larry has a superb communication skill, which is the prime reason behind his success. He has the capability to communicate his vision strategy for the company (Google) to its collaborators and team members. By virtue of this tremendous communicating skill of Larry, he is able to inspire and motivate the employees, sponsors and the consumers; and in the present day, the remarkable growth of Google is clearly visible across the globe (Jain, 2015). More importantly, efficient and transparent communication is an advantage for Larry during collaboration process and critical decision-making process for the company. Besides leading the team the team, Larry motivates his team as well; that includes both economic and non-economic motivational approaches. He provides motivation to the Googles staff through appraisal, praising, and other financial motivations which include incentives, retirement benefits, travel allowance, health insurance, free meals, free medical facilities and family allowance. The newer prospect of offering flexible working hours with the introduction of work from home is also introduced by Larry, which nowadays is being adopted by a majority of multi-national and national companies (George, 2014). Larry believes that by providing these benefits, the employee gets motivated and their performance gets enhanced towards success. He motivates and inspires his staffs to freely express their innovative ideas and opinion, thereby making them empowered and confident. Larry Page Emerges as an Innovator To become the CEO of technology based company Google, innovation is the foremost criteria; which is found in its current CEO, Larry Page (Daniel, 2014). He regularly indulges himself in innovation and creativity of latest technology according to changing demand of the customers. His quality of being innovative made Google the most popular and used browser all over the world. Also because of him only, the android operating system by Google is quite famous among those using smartphones. Conclusion Personally, I believe that Larry Page is an outstanding leader, who leads, guides, motivates and communicates his staffs. He is not just a leader but also a friend, philosopher and guide to his employees. As an effective leader, he makes the homely environment for his employees and provides perks for their motivation. The most important factor for a good relation between a leader and his team members is trust, and this trust connects Larry with his employees. All these traits of eldership are thus becoming a key remark for the development of leadership trait among other personal in the present time. References: Daniel, V., 2014. Larry Page. Docs. school Publications. Retrieved from www.oboolo.com/law-contract/business-law/case-study/larry-page-85414.html Dated 02 Sep 2016. George, S., 2014. Google Inc.: Not just a search engine, but an engine of strategic product diversification and excellence in corporate strategy. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 3(2), pp.62-81. Jackson, A., 2014. Google: How Larry Page Sergey Brin Changed the Way We Search the Web (Vol. 10). Mason Crest. Jain, D., 2015. Leadership in the VUCA WorldA Glimpse into a Few Learnings. Growth-Journal of the Management Training Insitute-SAIL, Ranchi, 43(2). Steiber, A. and Alnge, S., 2013. A corporate system for continuous innovation: the case of Google Inc. European Journal of Innovation Management, 16(2), pp.243-264.